Developing and deploying shared DLT platforms enables all participants in a supply chain ecosystem—including suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, retailers, and consumers—to access a unified, immutable ledger. This approach ensures real-time visibility into supply chain activities, promotes trust among stakeholders, and supports collective sustainability initiatives. By recording transactions and sustainability metrics on a decentralized ledger, organizations can improve data accuracy, reduce fraud, and facilitate compliance with environmental and social governance standards. The paper “Integrating On-chain and Off-chain Governance for Supply Chain Transparency and Integrity” presents a framework that combines on-chain and off-chain governance mechanisms to enhance supply chain transparency and integrity. The study demonstrates how such integration can coordinate stakeholders effectively, ensuring data integrity and fostering collaborative sustainability efforts
