The standard establishes access control requirements for blockchain systems. The standard addresses the following access control attributes of the system, including but not limited to: a) Node permissions - the permissions of block generation, block synchronization, block verification and broadcasting, and sending transactions. b) Smart contract access permissions - interface access control, user access control, and hybrid access control. c) User permissions - registered user permissions and unregistered permissions. The concept of role is applied to differentiate the permissions of registered users, which means permissions vary according to the role of a user. d) Global permissions - user access to deploy smart contracts, and to read smart contracts.